SYLE AND PAPER GUIDELINES
I. General information
II. References
Footnotes
The cue is placed after any punctuation (normally after the closing point of a sentence); if it relates only to text within parentheses, it is placed before the closing parenthesis. If several works are mentioned in the same footnote, they must be listed chronologically, in order of publication (other criteria to be explained).
How to cite in footnotes:
»Books, articles in periodicals, chapters in books, theses/dissertations: Last name of the author, year of publication, number of page(s):
2Fitzpatrick 2000, 20–23.
For more than three authors, use the name of the first and “et alii”.
24Apor et alii 2005, 74–75.
» Editions of texts: Last name, year of publication, number of page(s); optional: the identification number of the text or other identification information; e.g. d. *, doc. * or use consecrated edition abbreviations:
30Jakó 1990, 372 (d.705)
30KmJkv, I, 372 (d. 705).
»Manuscripts and other documentary sources (archives): last name of the author (if known), year when the document was written (if known), folio number.
58Chaundler 1798, folio 56.
For archives in non-English languages, retain everything in the original language - however unfamiliar - except city names:
33Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, MS fonds français 146.
89Arhivele Naționale Istorice Centrale, Bucharest, Comitetul Central – Secția Cancelarie fond, file 154/1968, folio(s), 154 (154–158).
If one particular repository is to be cited many times, consider creating an abbreviation that can be used in its place, with a key at the top of the bibliography (for abbreviations frequently used in the periodical, see previous issues).
56MNL OL, DF 245164.
63Colecția MNIT, no. C 523.
»Audio and audiovisual materials, websites and other electronic data:
News report: 56BBC News, 5 Nov 2013 / BBC News [video], 5 Nov. 2013.
Interview: 32McEwen 2013.
Online article: 43Allaby 2013
Television program/Online video: 83Berger 1972.
Online reference: 89“Gunpowder Plot” / Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Bibliography
The bibliography is normally ordered alphabetically by the surname of the main author or editor of the cited work. It is advisable to divide longer lists, for example, between primary and secondary sources. Also, a separate list of manuscripts and documents may be created.
Journal titles will not be abbreviated but mentioned in full title without publishing the body and place of publication.
How to cite in the bibliography:
»Books and edited volumes (for more than three authors, use “et alii” after the first name):
Fitzpatrick 1999 S. Fitzpatrick, Everyday Stalinism: Ordinary Life in Extraordinary: Soviet Russia in the 1930s, Oxford 1999.
Baker 1990 J. H. Baker, An Introduction to English Legal History (3rd edn.), London 1990.
Apor et alii 2005 B. Apor, J. C. Behrends, P. Jones, E. A. Rees (eds.), The Leader Cult in Communist Dictatorship: Stalin and the Eastern Bloc, New York 2005.
When citing reprints and facsimile editions, one should include the publication details of the original, especially the publication date if a significant period of time has elapsed between the edition and its reprint. If the reprint has the same place of publication and publisher details as the original, these need not (though they may) be repeated:
Gibbon 1974 E. Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, with introduction by Ch. Dawson, 6 vols., London 1910; repr. 1974.
If the cited book is a translation, the original author’s name comes first, and the translator’s name after the title, prefixed by “tr.”
Bischoff 1990 B. Bischoff, Latin Palaeography: Antiquity and the Middle Ages, tr. D. Ó Cróinín and D. Ganz, Cambridge 1990.
Martorell 1984 J. Martorell, Tirant lo Blanc, tr. with foreword by D. H. Rosenthal, London 1984.
»Editions of texts:
Jakó 1990 / KmJkv Zs. Jakó (ed.), A kolozsmonostori konvent jegyzőkönyvei, vol. I (1289–1556), Budapest 1990.
Rettegi 1970 Gy. Rettegi, Emlékezetre méltó dolgok, ed. with introduction and explanatory notes by Zs. Jakó, Bukarest 1970.
»Articles in periodicals:
Terry 1993 S. Meiklejohn Terry, Thinking about Post-Communist Transitions: How Different Are They?, Slavic Review, 52/2 (Summer, 1993), 333–337.
»Chapters in books:
Davies 2005 S. Davies, Stalin and the Making of the Leader Cult in the 1930s. In B. Apor, J. C. Behrends, P. Jones, E. A. Rees (eds.), The Leader Cult in Communist Dictatorship: Stalin and the Eastern Bloc, New York 2005, 29–46.
»Theses and dissertations:
Thorne 2012 M. Benjamin Thorne, The Anxiety of Proximity: “The Gypsy Question” in Romanian Society, 1934–1944 and Beyond, Ph.D. thesis, Indiana University, Bloomington 2012.
»Manuscripts and other documentary sources. The manuscript should be cited in italics if it has a distinct title.
Chaundler 1798 T. Chaundler, Collocutiones, Balliol College, Oxford, MS 288, Exchequer accounts, Dec. 1798, Cheshire Record Office, E311.
Repository information. For archives in languages other than English, retain everything in the original language – however unfamiliar – except the city name:
Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, MS fonds français 146.
Arhivele Naționale Istorice Centrale, Bucharest, Comitetul Central – Secția Cancelarie fond, file 154/1968, folio(s), 154 (154–158).
Colecția Muzeului Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei, Cluj-Napoca, Contemporană fond, document no. 523.
How to abbreviate repository names:
Colecția MNIT Colecția Muzeului Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei, Cluj-Napoca, Contemporană fonds.
MNL OL, DF Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár, Országos Levéltára, Budapest, Diplomatikai Fényképgyűjtemény (including mention of online access data – web address and date: https://archives.hungaricana.hu/hu/charters, accessed 12 May 2021).
»Audio and audiovisual materials, websites and other electronic data:
When citing electronic sources, all the rules of traditional bibliography are considered. In addition to the classical identification data of the referenced work (depending on its type), one must add the exact web address and the date when the website was consulted. For articles indexed in online databases, the doi code must be added.
Online article
Allaby 2013 M. Allaby, “Feathers and Lava Lamps,” Oxford Reference (2013), http://www.oxfordreference.com/page/featherslavalamps, accessed 9 Nov. 2013.
Online journal article
Druin 2002 A. Druin, The Role of Children in the Design of New Technology, Behaviour & Information Technology, 21/1 (2002), 1–25. doi:10.1080/01449290110108659.
Online reference
“Gunpowder Plot” / Encyclopaedia Britannica “Gunpowder Plot,” Encyclopaedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/249505/Gunpowder-Plot, accessed 5 Nov. 2013.
When citing audiovisual and video materials or broadcast media, the three key elements that need to be included are the title or description of the item, broadcasting or production details, including a date, and a short description of the medium, unless this is already made clear by the context or a heading within the bibliography.
News report
BBC News [video], 5 Nov 2013 BBC News, “Inside India’s Mars Mission HQ” [video] (5 Nov. 2013), http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-24826253, accessed 5 Nov. 2013.
Interview
McEwen 2013 S. McEwen, “Tan Twan Eng Interview: ‘I Have No Alternative but to Write in English’,” The Spectator (20 May 2013), http://blogs.spectator.co.uk/books/2013/05/tan-twan-eng-interview-i-haveno-alternative-but-to-write-in-english/, accessed 9 Nov. 2013.
Television program
Berger 1972 J. Berger, Episode 1, Ways of Seeing, BBC (1972), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pDE4VX_9Kk, accessed 9 Nov. 2013.
III. Other Style Recommendations (frequent situations)